LHCb measures muons using gold plated tungsten wires stretched over read-out pads. A high voltage is applied across the wires and pads and the set-up is bathed in a gas mixture. Passing muons interact with the gas, knocking out electrons from its atoms in a process called ionization. Both the ionized atoms and the electrons then drift in the electric field. This movement creates an electric signal in the wires and pads that is used to identify where the muon has passed. In total, the LHCb muon detectors contain about 2 million wires and are capable of making measurements 40 million times a second – every time the particle beams collide.
Fable with a lion and a licorn fighting to discover the nature's secrets. Probably related to a Solvay meeting and to problems posed by mesons.Literature
Rosenfeld, LéonAdaptation of a piece of classical Ameriacn literature the theme is the mesons and the difficulty to observe them. Probably related to a Solvay meeting.Literature
[Childs, H C ?] et alCalculations on "The nuclear interaction according to the weak coupling pair theory".Calculations
[unknown]Origins of the astronomy.Reprint
Hartner, WillyArticle on the origin of life.[Reprint]
Wald, GeorgeCalculations related to the Møller-Kristensen theory.Calculations
Pauli, Wolfgang [unknown]Quantum electrodynamics, renormalization.Manuscript
Dyson, Freeman JArticle by O. Neugebauer on astronomy in the ancient world.Reprint
Neugebauer, OttoRead at the annual meeting of physical society of Japan held at Tokyo University on May 2. 1949. Dirac particle, relativistic covariance.Manuscript
Kawabe, Rokuo Umezawa, Hiroomi