One of the building blocks of the CMS Silicon Tracker: a part of the detector that reconstructs the trajectories of charged particles emerging from the proton-proton collisions. A lightweight structure, made mostly of carbon fibre, supports silicon detectors and their readout electronics. These detectors generate an electrical pulse when they are traversed by a charged particle, and they are segmented into fine strips (in this case the strips are 180 microns wide, about the size of a human hair) that collect those pulses, such that the position of the strip provides a coordinate on the particle trajectory. In this “rod” silicon detectors are arranged in back-to-back pairs, where the two detectors of each pair have the strips oriented at an angle, such that the crossing point of the strips provides a two-dimensional coordinate in the rod plane. Three pairs of detectors are mounted on each side of the rod structure, to fully cover its surface. In the Tracker, rods are arranged to form cylindrical layers in the central “barrel” region.
One of the building blocks of the CMS Silicon Tracker: a part of the detector that reconstructs the trajectories of charged particles emerging from the proton-proton collisions. A lightweight structure, made mostly of carbon fibre, supports silicon detectors and their readout electronics. These detectors generate an electrical pulse when they are traversed by a charged particle, and they are segmented into fine strips (in this case the strips are 180 microns wide, about the size of a human hair) that collect those pulses, such that the position of the strip provides a coordinate on the particle trajectory. In this “rod” silicon detectors are arranged in back-to-back pairs, where the two detectors of each pair have the strips oriented at an angle, such that the crossing point of the strips provides a two-dimensional coordinate in the rod plane. Three pairs of detectors are mounted on each side of the rod structure, to fully cover its surface. In the Tracker, rods are arranged to form cylindrical layers in the central “barrel” region.
One of the building blocks of the CMS Silicon Tracker: a part of the detector that reconstructs the trajectories of charge particles emerging from the proton-proton collisions. A lightweight structure, made mostly of carbon fibre, supports silicon detectors and their readout electronics. These detectors generate an electrical pulse when they are traversed by a charged particle, and they are segmented into fine strips (in this case the strips are 180 microns wide, about the size of a human hair) that collect those pulses, such that the position of the strip provides a coordinate on the particle trajectory.
One of the building blocks of the CMS Silicon Tracker: a part of the detector that reconstructs the trajectories of charge particles emerging from the proton-proton collisions. A lightweight structure, made mostly of carbon fibre, supports silicon detectors and their readout electronics. These detectors generate an electrical pulse when they are traversed by a charged particle, and they are segmented into fine strips (in this case the strips are 180 microns wide, about the size of a human hair) that collect those pulses, such that the position of the strip provides a coordinate on the particle trajectory.
The CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) Tile Calorimeter is a pivotal component of the CMS detector, which is one of the major experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Designed to measure the energy of particles, the calorimeter plays an essential role in the study of high-energy physics.
The CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) Tile Calorimeter is a pivotal component of the CMS detector, which is one of the major experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Designed to measure the energy of particles, the calorimeter plays an essential role in the study of high-energy physics.
LHCb measures muons using gold plated tungsten wires stretched over read-out pads. A high voltage is applied across the wires and pads and the set-up is bathed in a gas mixture. Passing muons interact with the gas, knocking out electrons from its atoms in a process called ionization. Both the ionized atoms and the electrons then drift in the electric field. This movement creates an electric signal in the wires and pads that is used to identify where the muon has passed. In total, the LHCb muon detectors contain about 2 million wires and are capable of making measurements 40 million times a second – every time the particle beams collide.
LHCb measures muons using gold plated tungsten wires stretched over read-out pads. A high voltage is applied across the wires and pads and the set-up is bathed in a gas mixture. Passing muons interact with the gas, knocking out electrons from its atoms in a process called ionization. Both the ionized atoms and the electrons then drift in the electric field. This movement creates an electric signal in the wires and pads that is used to identify where the muon has passed. In total, the LHCb muon detectors contain about 2 million wires and are capable of making measurements 40 million times a second – every time the particle beams collide.